Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Infections are those that can be passed from one person to another through unprotected oral, vaginal, or anal sex. Viral STDs are not curable and include viral herpes and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It can progress to acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS) if untreated. On the other hand, bacterial STDs are generally curable with antibiotics.
Some STDs do not exhibit any symptoms. However, it is important to seek medical attention if you bleed in between periods, experience pelvic pain, or notice soreness. Some STI precautions you can take include practising safe sex using condoms, getting regularly tested for STDs, having honest communication with your partner, and getting vaccinated.
Vaccination
The HPV vaccine guards you against genital warts and most cervical cancers. It also protects against cancers of the vagina, vulva, penis, or anus. Additionally, it offers defence against mouth, throat, head, and neck cancers resulting from HPV. Contact your medical practitioner for all the details you need to know about the HPV vaccination.
Safety is priority
While passion and intimacy are integral parts of any romantic relationship, so is the responsibility to stay safe during sex. Those keen on spreading safe love and nothing more should note that all STIs are treatable and curable.
HIV/AIDS: A persistent threat
Women and girls remain mainly affected by the global HIV epidemic. HIV's full form is human immunodeficiency virus, which attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells that help fight off infections. When HIV damages enough CD4 cells, it can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), the most advanced stage of HIV infection.
How is it transmitted?
HIV is spread through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex, sharing needles and syringes, during pregnancy, childbirth, or through breastfeeding from an infected woman, and through blood transfusion. It should be emphasised that HIV is not spread through simple physical interactions like hugs or kisses, using the same utensils, or from mosquito bites. However, rigorous tests and medical procedures have made this risk minimal.
Symptoms to watch out for
HIV symptoms in women can vary widely among individuals and often mimic other illnesses, making early detection challenging. Early signs can resemble flu-like symptoms, including fever, chills, rashes, sore throat, fatigue, muscle aches, and swollen lymph nodes. Some people may experience acute HIV infection within two to four weeks after being exposed. Symptoms during this phase can be more intense, including fever, rash, night sweats, and mouth ulcers.
Late-stage HIV leads to AIDS within eight to 10 years if left untreated. Its symptoms include menstrual changes, vaginal yeast infections, cervical cancer, heart diseases, and side effects in response to HIV medications. For safety, visiting a healthcare professional and seeking advice is best.
Conclusion
Breaking the stigma around HIV is paramount. By fostering open conversations, promoting education, and providing comprehensive support, we can create a society where women feel empowered, respected, and cared for.
