Agriculture is the backbone of Benin’s economy, employing more than 70% of the population and contributing a large share to the country’s GDP. The favorable tropical climate and fertile soil make Benin ideal for growing a variety of crops including maize, cassava, yams, and especially cotton, which is the country’s top export. Agriculture not only sustains rural livelihoods but also plays a central role in food security and national development.

Most of Benin’s farmers are smallholders, using traditional techniques and facing challenges such as limited access to modern equipment, poor road networks, and unpredictable rainfall. These obstacles have historically affected productivity and market access. Nevertheless, the government, along with international partners, is actively promoting initiatives focused on rural development, climate-smart agriculture, and sustainable practices.

In recent years, there has been a push toward modernizing the sector through investment in agribusiness, irrigation systems, and value-added processing. Programs aimed at youth and women empowerment in agriculture are also gaining traction. With continued support and innovation, Benin’s agricultural sector holds strong potential for growth, improved livelihoods, and long-term economic resilience.