Glaucoma is a serious eye condition that can lead to vision loss if not detected early. It develops when high pressure in the eye damages the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual signals to the brain. The problem with glaucoma is that it often progresses without noticeable symptoms until significant damage occurs. That’s why early detection through regular eye checkups is crucial.
What Causes Glaucoma?
Glaucoma occurs when fluid builds up in the eye, increasing pressure and damaging the optic nerve. Several factors can contribute to this condition, including:
- Age – The risk increases after the age of 40.
- Family History – A person with a family history of glaucoma is more likely to develop it.
- High Eye Pressure – Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor.
- Medical Conditions – Diabetes, hypertension, and migraines may increase the risk.
- Prolonged Steroid Use – Long-term use of steroid medications can contribute to glaucoma.
- Eye Injuries – Trauma to the eye can lead to increased pressure and optic nerve damage.
Symptoms of Glaucoma
Glaucoma is often called the "silent thief of sight" because it can progress without noticeable symptoms. However, as the condition worsens, signs may include:
- Gradual loss of peripheral vision
- Blurred vision
- Severe eye pain (in some types of glaucoma)
- Headaches
- Seeing halos around lights
- Nausea and vomiting (in advanced cases)
Types of Glaucoma
1. Open-Angle Glaucoma
This is the most common form, where the drainage system of the eye becomes less efficient over time. It develops slowly and painlessly, making regular eye checkups essential for early detection.
2. Angle-Closure Glaucoma
This occurs when the drainage system is suddenly blocked, leading to a rapid increase in eye pressure. It is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment.
3. Normal-Tension Glaucoma
Even when eye pressure is normal, optic nerve damage can still occur. This type of glaucoma requires careful monitoring.
4. Congenital Glaucoma
Found in infants, this rare form is caused by a birth defect in the eye’s drainage system. Symptoms include excessive tearing, sensitivity to light, and cloudy eyes.
Why Early Detection is Important
Glaucoma damage is irreversible, but early diagnosis and treatment can slow or prevent vision loss. Regular glaucoma tests in Thrissur can help detect the condition before symptoms appear.
How is Glaucoma Diagnosed?
A complete eye exam includes:
- Tonometry – Measures eye pressure.
- Optic Nerve Examination – Checks for signs of damage.
- Visual Field Test – Detects peripheral vision loss.
- OCT Scan – Provides a detailed image of the optic nerve.
If detected early, glaucoma can be managed with medications, laser treatment, or surgery to reduce eye pressure and protect vision.
Get a Glaucoma Test in Thrissur
For accurate diagnosis and expert care, schedule a glaucoma test in Thrissur at a trusted eye hospital. Regular eye checkups, especially for those at risk, can help prevent vision loss.
Conclusion
Glaucoma can lead to permanent vision loss if ignored. Since symptoms may not appear early, routine eye exams are the best way to detect it in time. If you have risk factors like age, family history, or medical conditions, don’t delay an eye checkup. Protect your vision by staying informed and taking action early.
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